Kitab Negara Kertagama & Terje

This application contains complete contents and translations of the Kertagama State Book

This application contains the complete contents and translation of the Kertagama State Book by Empu Prapanca. The title of this kakawin, Nagarakretagama means "Country with a sacred Tradition (Religion)". The name Nagarakretagama itself is not found in the Nagarakretagama kakawin. In poem 94/2, Prapanca mentions its creation Deçawarnana or a description of the villages. However, the name given by the author proved to have been forgotten by the public. Kakawin was until now commonly referred to as Nagarakretagama. The name Nagarakretagama is listed in the colophon published by Dr. J.L.A. Brandes: Iti Nagarakretagama Samapta. Apparently, the name Nagarakretagama was an additional copy of Arthapamasah in the Kartika month of 1662 (October 20, 1740 AD). Nagarakretagama is copied with Balinese letters in Kancana.

This manuscript was completed in the month of Aswina Saka 1287 (September - October 1365 AD), the author uses the pseudonym Prapanca, based on the results of historical analyzes that have been made known that the author of this manuscript is Dang Acarya Nadendra, a former magnate of Buddhist affairs at the Majapahit palace. He is the son of a palace official in Majapahit with the rank of Dharmadyaksa Kasogatan. The writer of this manuscript completed the Kertagama Negara kakawin script in old age in a hermitage on a mountainside in a village called Kamalasana. [1] Until now it is generally known that the poet "Mpu Prapanca" is the writer of Nagarakretagama.

This Kakawin describes the situation in the Majapahit palace during the reign of King Hayam Wuruk, the great king of Java and the archipelago. He was enthroned from 1350 to 1389 AD, at the height of the Majapahit kingdom, one of the largest kingdoms that ever existed in the Archipelago. The most important part of this text, of course, outlines the "regions" of the Majapahit kingdom which must pay tribute.

Nagarakretagama is written in the form of Jawakuna kakawin (poetry). Each kakawin consists of four lines, called on. Each line consists of eight to 24 syllables, called a dimension. This kakawin script consists of 98 poems, divided into two parts, each of which consists of 49 poems. [1] Each poem consists of between one to ten on. Viewed from the point of view, the distribution of these poems has been done very neatly.

The first part is 49 poems, from poems 1 to 49, with details: [1]

7 poems about the king and his family (poems 1-7)

9 poems about the city and region of Majapahit (poems 8–16)

23 poems about traveling around Lumajang (poems 17–39)

10 poems about the lineage of king Majapahit from Kertarajasa Jayawardhana to Hayam Wuruk (poems 40–44)

The second part 49 poems, from poems 50 to 98, with details:

10 poems about the journey of Hayam Wuruk who was hunting in the forest of Nandawa (poems 50–59)

23 poems about souvenirs from various areas visited, Raja Hayam Wuruk's attention to his ancestors in the form of a srada party, and about news of the death of Patih Gajah Mada (poems 60–82)

9 poems about periodic religious ceremonies that repeat every year in Majapahit, namely deliberations, kirap, and annual parties (poems 83–91)

7 poems about poets loyal to the king (poems 92–98) [1]

This Kakawin is a literary nature, meaning that literary works flatter and glorify King Majapahit Hayam Wuruk, as well as the authority of the Majapahit kingdom. However, this work was not composed by Hayam Wuruk's own orders with the aim of political self-image or legitimacy of power. But purely the will of the poet Mpu Prapanca who wants to pay his services to the crown, and hopes that the King remembers the poet who once served at the Majapahit palace. This means that this manuscript was compiled after Prapanca retired and resigned from the palace. The Prapanca name itself is a pen name, a pseudonym to hide the true identity of this literary writer.