Victoria Falls

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Victoria Falls or Mosi-oa-Tunya is one of the most magnificent waterfalls in the world. Victoria Falls is located on the Zambezi River, between the borders of Zambia and Zimbabwe. The waterfalls are approximately 1.7 km wide and 128 m high.

Scottish explorer David Livingstone visited the falls in 1855 and named it Victoria Falls in memory of Queen Victoria. However, the waterfall was already locally referred to as Mosi-oa-Tunya, meaning "rumbling smoke." The falls are part of two national parks, Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park in Zambia and Victoria Falls National Park in Zimbabwe. The waterfalls are one of South Africa's most important tourist attractions. It is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Larger than Niagara Falls in North America, Victoria Falls can only be compared to South America's Iguaçu Falls. Iguaçu is divided into more than 270 (relatively) 'small' waterfalls, while Victoria spills out from a single watercourse, the largest in the world, over 100 meters high and 1.5 km wide. Above Victoria Falls is a rainbow that never goes away.

European settlement of the Victoria Falls area started around 1900 in response to the desire of Cecil Rhodes' British South Africa Company for mineral rights and imperial rule north of the Zambezi, and the exploitation of other natural resources such as timber forests north-east of the falls, and ivory and animal skins.

From 1905 the railway offered accessible travel from as far as the Cape in the south and from 1909, as far as the Belgian Congo in the north. In 1904 the Victoria Falls Hotel was opened to accommodate visitors arriving on the new railway. The falls became an increasingly popular attraction during British colonial rule of Northern Rhodesia (Zambia) and Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), with the town of Victoria Falls becoming the main tourist center.

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