The Complete Outdoor Survival Guide

There is an outdoor recreation boom sweeping the entire western world and this continent in particular.

There has been nothing like it in the past. Yes, the out-of-doors has always had an appeal for some, but

they have been a small minority. Two decades ago you could go on a canoe trip in the summer months

in the wilderness of Quetico and not see another soul for an entire week. Not today. You are lucky if you

see only three or four canoeing parties a day.

Arctic rivers that have not seen a white man's canoe since the big fur-trading era, today are being

traveled regularly. The old trails of the western mountains, untrodden since the days of mountain men

and early prospectors, are being hiked and backpacked today. During the height of summer, camping

areas in many parks are full. In the past, being a fishing and hunting outfitter was a risky business. It still

is, but today many outfitters in the more popular areas have no difficulty in attracting clientele.

This phenomenon is world-wide. In many of the national parks of Africa, one can see a pride of minibuses

around every lion. I have even met a convoy of two land rovers on safari in the middle of the

Kalahari Desert in Botswana.

The reasons for this outdoor boom are many. A greater interest in wildlife is one. Twenty years ago

hunters and fishermen were the only large groups interested in wildlife. Today, almost everyone has a

casual interest in wild creatures. This interest is not always tempered with wisdom, and is rarely

accompanied by knowledge. At times wildlife management agencies are hampered in their work by

people who prefer to have deer starve than to have them hunted by outdoorsmen.

Other reasons for the outdoor boom are more leisure time, a more affluent society, and better highways

and rapid transportation systems. Thirty years ago, if a New York big-game hunter wanted to hunt in the

Yukon, it took him five days just to reach Whitehorse. Today, he is there in less than a day. But I think

that the biggest reason for the outdoor boom is a spiritual rebellion against our sophisticated, affluent

society. Deep down we hunger for a quieter life, a slower pace, green grass, and the sight of pale blue

wood smoke curling up toward the sky. We want to "get away from it all," but at times we bring it all

with us in the form of tent cities and slums.

Everyone who ventures into the out-of-doors should possess the basic skills for outdoor living. He

should know how to make a good campfire, what types of wood give fast heat for boiling tea, and what

types provide hot flames for broiling steaks. He should know how to paddle a canoe, how to forecast

weather, how to use a compass, what the sudden cry of a bluejay means, and what a bear is up to when

he stands on his hind legs. The average outdoorsman does not have to be a wilderness survival expert,

but he should know the basics. After all, almost everyone can become lost or lose his gear when his

canoe is upset in a choppy wilderness lake.

The outdoorsman should know all this and much more. He should know about the natural world

around him - how it lives and functions. He should know its moods, its sounds, and its signals. But

above all, the outdoorsman must have a code, an outdoor ethic, to ensure that his life and travels in the

out-of-doors are in harmony with nature. Man, like all creatures, is a user. This is how nature created

him. Frequently our use leaves wounds. Every campfire, every hiking trail, every fish caught, and every

grouse shot is a wound. But these are wounds that nature heals and repairs with ease. An outdoorsman

should never leave wounds that will permanently scar. That is what the outdoor code and the outdoor

ethic are all about.