Brazil

The history of modern Brazilian nation coincides with the arrival of the Portuguese explorer Pedro Alvares Cabral , on April 22, 1500. Thirty-two years later, the Portuguese established the first colony overseas in the actual city of São Vicente, a few kilometers from San Paul.

Despite the French and Dutch invasions, rebellions of Indians and African slaves, Brazil remained in the hands of the Portuguese until 1822, the year of independence. Only in 1889, Brazil became a republic, through a peaceful revolution, led by Manuel Deordo Da Fonseca , head of the Imperial Army.

Da Fonseca became the first president of Brazil, but his leadership lasted only two years. In 1891, Da Fonseca promulgated a presidential federalist constitution based on the US model , where the President of the Republic was Chief Executive and the vast territory was divided in states with their own governing bodies. The country, in fact, took the name of the US Republic of Brazil , changed only in 1967 in the current Federal Republic of Brazil