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Eiffel Tower (Tour Eiffel ) a metal tower in the center of Paris its most recognizable architectural feature. Named after Chief Designer Gustave Eiffel himself called it simply a 300-meter tower. The tower which later became the symbol of Paris was built in 1889 and was originally conceived as a temporary structure that served as the entrance arch of the 1889 Parisian World Exhibition.

The Eiffel Tower is called the most visited toll attraction of the world and the most photographed. For example, in 2006 6,719,200 people visited the tower and in its entire history until December 31, 2007 there were 236,445,812 people.

The World Exhibition of 1889 took place in Paris and was timed to coincide with the 100th anniversary of the Great French Revolution. The Paris City Administration appealed to famous French engineers with a proposal to take part in an architectural competition. At such a contest it was necessary to find a structure that visibly demonstrates the engineering and technological achievements of the country.

Including such a proposal came in the engineering office of Gustave Eiffel. Eiffel himself did not have a ready-made idea but after digging into the deferred projects he found a sketch of the high-rise tower that his co-worker Maurice Koshlen Had made. In the finalization of the project then another employee Emil Nugie took part. Drawings of the 300-meter iron tower were offered for the competition. Pre- 18 September 1884 the year Gyustav Eyfel get together with their employees a patent on a project and then buys them the exclusive right.

All-French competition of architectural and engineering projects which were to determine the architectural appearance of the future World Exhibition was launched on May 1, 1886. The contest was attended by 107 applicants most of whom to some extent repeated the draft tower proposed by Eiffel. There were also various extravagant ideas including for example a giant guillotine that was supposed to remind us of the Great French Revolution. Another proposal was a stone tower but the calculations and experience of the past showed that it would be very difficult to build a stone building that would be even higher than the 169-meter Washington Monument the construction of which cost the huge US efforts several years before.

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