القرأن الكريم بدون نت - (11) Q

Surah Al-Alaq: “Recite in the name of your Lord who created” Quraan Majeed

Surah Al-Alaq (96:1) -اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَق

“Recite in the name of your Lord who created” Quraan Majeed (96:1)

The Quran (/kɔːrˈɑːn/ kor-AHN; Arabic: القرآن‎, romanized: al-Qurʼan Arabic pronunciation: [alqur'ʔaːn], literally meaning "the recitation"), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God (Allah). It is widely regarded as the finest work in classical Arabic literature. Slightly shorter than the New Testament, it is organized in 114 chapters (Arabic: سورة surah, plural سور sur) — not according to chronology or subject matter, but according to length of surahs (with some exceptions). Surah are subdivided into verses (Arabic: آية ayah, plural آيات ayat).

Someone who has memorized the entire AlQuran is called a hafiz. Quranic verse (ayah) is sometimes recited with a special kind of elocution reserved for this purpose, called tajwid (tajweed). During the month of Ramadan, Muslims typically complete the recitation of the whole Quraan during tarawih prayers (namaz / salah / salat / solat). In order to extrapolate the meaning of a particular Quranic verse, most Muslims rely on exegesis, or tafsir / tafseer.

The proper recitation of the Quran is the subject of a separate discipline named tajwid / tajweed which determines in detail how the Quran should be recited, how each individual syllable is to be pronounced, the need to pay attention to the places where there should be a pause, to elisions, where the pronunciation should be long or short, where letters should be sounded together and where they should be kept separate, etc. It may be said that this discipline studies the laws and methods of the proper recitation of the Mushaf and covers three main areas: the proper pronunciation of consonants and vowels (the articulation of the Quranic phonemes), the rules of pause in recitation and of resumption of recitation, and the musical and melodious features of recitation.

In order to avoid incorrect pronunciation, reciters who are not native speakers of Arabic language follow a program of training in countries such as Egypt or Saudi Arabia. The recitations of a few Egyptian reciters, like El Minshawy, Al-Hussary, Abdul Basit, Mustafa Ismail, were highly influential in the development of the art of recitation. Southeast Asia is well known for world-class recitation, evidenced in the popularity of the woman reciters such as Maria Ulfah of Jakarta.

In addition to and independent of the division into chapters, there are various ways of dividing the Quran into parts of approximately equal length for convenience in reading. The 30 juz' (plural ajza) can be used to read through the entire Quran in a month. Some of these parts are known by names—which are the first few words by which the juz starts. A juz' is sometimes further divided into two hizb (plural ahzab), and each hizb subdivided into four rubʻ al-ahzab. The Quran is also divided into seven approximately equal parts, manzil (plural manazil), for it to be recited in a week.

The Muqattaʿat (Arabic: حروف مقطعات‎ ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿāt "disjoined letters" or "disconnected letters"; also "mysterious letters") are combinations of between one and five Arabic letters figuring at the beginning of 29 out of the 114 chapters of the Quran just after the basmala. The letters are also known as fawatih (فواتح) or "openers" as they form the opening verse of their respective suras. Four surahs are named for their muqatta'at, Taha (Ta-Ha), Yaseen (Yasin / Ya-sin), Sad and Qaf. The original significance of the letters is unknown. Tafsir (exegesis) has interpreted them as abbreviations for either names or qualities of God or for the names or content of the respective surahs.

Other early exegetes included a few Companions of Muhammad, such as Abu Bakr, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, Ali ibn Abi Talib, 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ood, ʻAbdullah ibn Abbas, Ubayy ibn Kaʻb, Zayd ibn Thaabit.